PMC

(a) Network parameter; (b) S_j can talk to S_i through multiple hops S_j→S_a→S_b→S_j.

Phosphorylation of Akt downstream of MK2/3 is indirect. (A) Splenic macrophages were cultured from wild-type or conditional PDK1 knockouts. Cells were stimulated for 30 min with 100 ng/ml of LPS and lysed, and the levels of phospho-Thr308 Akt, total Akt, and total PDK1 were measured by immunoblotting. (B) BMDMs were cultured from wild-type or MK2/3 knockouts. Cells were pretreated with 5 μM SB203580 (SB) or 1 μM Ku-0063794 for 1 h and then stimulated for the indicated times with 100 ng/ml of LPS. Cells were lysed and the levels of phospho-Thr308 Akt, phospho-Ser473 Akt, total Akt, phospho- and total p38, phospho- and total MK2, and total ERK measured by immunoblotting. For total Akt and total ERK, membranes were stripped and reprobed from the phospho-Thr308 Akt and total p38, respectively. (C) BMDMs were cultured from wild-type or MK2/3 knockouts. Cells were pretreated with 5 mM SB203580 (SB) or 1 mM KU-0063794 for 1 h and then stimulated for the indicated times with 200 mg/ml of zymosan. Cells were lysed and the levels of phospho-Thr308 Akt, phospho-Ser473 Akt, total Akt, phospho-p38 and total p38, phospho-MK2 and total MK2, and total ERK measured by immunoblotting. For total Akt and total ERK, membranes were stripped and reprobed from the phospho-Thr308 Akt and total p38, respectively. (D) BMDMs were cultured from wild-type or conditional Rictor knockouts. Cells were preincubated for 1 h with 5 μM SB203580 (SB) or 1 μM Ku-0063794 (KU) and then stimulated for the indicated times with 100 ng/ml of LPS. Cells were lysed and the levels of phospho-Thr308 Akt, phospho-Ser473 Akt, total Akt, phospho-p38 and total p38, phospho-MK2 and total MK2, and total ERK measured by immunoblotting. For total Akt and total ERK, membranes were stripped and reprobed from the phospho-Thr308 Akt and total p38, respectively.

Empathic accuracy procedure and an example of empathic scores computation. Two participants (A, B) took part in a semi-structured conversation in which both participants talk about positive and negative events in their life. At the end of talk, the researcher showed participants the recorded video of their conversation twice, interrupting the video at eight time points (tape stops). At each tape stop, the researcher asked participants to rate their own (in the first viewing) and their partner's (in the second viewing) emotions. Based on these answers, we computed empathic accuracy (EA) and emotional congruence (EC) as shown, for an example portion of the data in the table. S_A, self-reported feelings of participant A; S_B, self-reported feelings of participant B; O_A, other-rating of A: estimation by A of B's feelings; O_B, other-rating of B: estimation by B of A's feelings; EA_A, empathic accuracy of participant A; EA_B, empathic accuracy of participant B; EC, emotional congruence of the dyad.

Inhibition of basal and adipocyte-conditioned medium-stimulated MMP-1 secretion from U937 cells by signaling pathway inhibitors. Adipocytes were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 h, and medium was collected afterward. U937 cells were then cultured with either 100% fresh medium or 50% fresh medium plus 50% adipocyte-conditioned medium in the presence or absence of different inhibitors of signaling pathways including 10 μm PD98059 (PD), 10 μm SB203580 (SB), 10 μm SP600125 (SP), 10 μm AG490 (AG), 10 μm piceatannol (PI), or 1 μm Bay117082 for 24 h. After the treatment, MMP-1 in culture medium was quantified using ELISA. The data presented are from one of two independent experiments with similar results.